{"id":7687,"date":"2023-01-12T12:05:51","date_gmt":"2023-01-12T12:05:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/cefrepa.cnrs.fr\/axis-ii\/"},"modified":"2023-07-10T09:37:49","modified_gmt":"2023-07-10T09:37:49","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/cefrepa.cnrs.fr\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%88%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"7687\" class=\"elementor elementor-7687\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-687ebab elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"687ebab\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;,&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-background-overlay\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-652bb65b\" data-id=\"652bb65b\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2319b3fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2319b3fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.18.0 - 20-12-2023 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-7ea0be41 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"7ea0be41\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-4bd1bb6c elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"4bd1bb6c\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInLeft&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48e6062d elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"48e6062d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.18.0 - 20-12-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/cefrepa.cnrs.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Axis-II.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Axis-II\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6Njk5OSwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2NlZnJlcGEuY25ycy5mclwvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyM1wvMDFcL0F4aXMtSUkuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"450\" height=\"480\" src=\"https:\/\/cefrepa.cnrs.fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/Axis-II-450x480.jpg\" class=\"elementor-animation-wobble-to-top-right attachment-loquet-event-1 size-loquet-event-1 wp-image-6999\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-61dcf60 elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"61dcf60\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-75a7a7c5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-loquet-heading-widget\" data-id=\"75a7a7c5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"loquet-heading-widget.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"gt-module-title gt-style-1 gt-align-left gt-light\"><div class=\"gt-sub-title\"><span>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/div><div class=\"gt-title\"> \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a <\/div><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-25133e04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"25133e04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.18.0 - 20-12-2023 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p><strong style=\"color: #000;\">Laurent BONNEFOY (CNRS-Sciences Po CERI\u060c CEFREPA) \u0648 Mehdi BERRIAH (Vrije Univeristeit Amsterdam\u060c CEFREPA)<\/strong><\/p><p><strong style=\"color: #000;\"><br \/><\/strong><br \/>\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 (\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0644\u0647 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0646\u0629). \u064a\u062d\u0634\u062f \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0631\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u062b\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u063a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 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\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062d\u0627\u0633\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0633\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0630\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0641\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-3e15d0b4 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-stretched elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"3e15d0b4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-settings=\"{&quot;stretch_section&quot;:&quot;section-stretched&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-10ea1bdc elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"10ea1bdc\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeInRight&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-42e7094b elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"42e7094b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>I- \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 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